Strateji / 1.95.401 / 197.05M

Strateji / 16.137.13 / by Supercell / 170.47M

Strateji / 1.0.177 / by IGG.COM / 55.00M

Strateji / 1.3.2 / by Bohemia Interactive a.s. / 140.3 MB

Strateji / 1.0 / by Oppana Games / 25.16M

Strateji / 3.8 / 112.82M

Strateji / v4.0.0 / by RoboBot Studio / 90.00M

Strateji / 1.5 / 138.00M

Strateji / 75.0.0 / 95.85M

Strateji / 13 / 83.00M

Strateji / 1.1.16 / by Vegma / 99.70M

Strateji / 3.8 / by Happy Family Studio / 100.65M

Strateji / 1.21.5 / 94.61M

Strateji / 1.0 / 16.87M

Strateji / 31 / by Birdshel / 64.00M