Strateji / 1.12 / by Starry Sky Dreams / 3.85M

Strateji / 2.5.9 / by ethnicwearonline / 118.00M

Strateji / 1.1 / by Tapinator, Inc. (Ticker: TAPM) / 47.85M

Strateji / 10.11 / 85.09M

Strateji / 1.1 / by OneY Games Studio / 73.33M

Strateji / 8.6.0 / 518.00M

Strateji / 1.0.287 / by Fansipan Limited / 157.00M

Strateji / 3.8.82 / by Travian Games GmbH / 184.00M

Strateji / 0.19 / by suseetha / 44.00M

Strateji / 0.2.104 / 137.48M

Strateji / v2.7.3 / by DIVMOB / 65.10M

Strateji / 1.0 / 58.00M

Strateji / 1.1.3 / 90.91M

Strateji / 1 / 65.00M

Strateji / 1.1.89 / 161.68M